| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Petit hameau ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Hameau de la Reine
The Hameau de la Reine ((:amo də la ʁɛn), ''The Queen's Hamlet'') is a rustic retreat in the park of the Château de Versailles built for Marie Antoinette in 1783 near the Petit Trianon in the Yvelines, France. It served as a private meeting place for the Queen and her closest friends, a place of leisure. Designed by the Queen's favoured architect, Richard Mique and with the help of the painter Hubert Robert, it contained a meadowland with lakes and streams, a classical Temple of Love on an island with fragrant shrubs and flowers, an octagonal belvedere, with a neighbouring grotto and cascade. There are also various buildings in a rustic or vernacular style, inspired by Norman or Flemish design, situated around an irregular pond fed by a stream that turned the mill wheel. The building scheme included a farmhouse, (the farm was to produce milk and eggs for the queen), a dairy, a dovecote, a boudoir, a barn that was burned down during the French Revolution, a mill and a tower in the form of a lighthouse. Each building is decorated with a garden, an orchard or a flower garden. The largest and most famous of these houses is the "Queen's House" that is connected to the Billiard house by a wooden gallery, at the center of the village. A working farm was close to the idyllic, fantasy-like setting of the Queen’s Hamlet.
The ''hameau'' is the best-known of a series of rustic garden constructions built at the time, notably the Prince of Condé's Hameau de Chantilly (1774–1775) which was the inspiration for the Versailles hameau.〔"Le Hameau" (Hamlet" ). Chateau de Versailles. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Mar. 2013.〕 Such model farms operating under principles espoused by the Physiocrats, were fashionable among the French aristocracy at the time. One primary purpose of the ''hameau'' was to add to the ambiance of the ''Petit Trianon'', giving the illusion that it was deep in the countryside rather than within the confines of Versailles. The rooms at the ''hameau'' allowed for more intimacy than the grand salons at Versailles or at the ''Petit Trianon''.
Abandoned after the French Revolution, it was renovated in the late 1990s and is open to the public.
==History and construction==
Inspired by a wave of naturalism in art, architecture, and garden design, the Hameau de la Reine was constructed between 1782 and 1783. The garden surroundings of the Petit Trianon, of which the ''hameau de la Reine'' is an extension, began their transformation from formal pattern gardens. Under Louis XV it had been an arboretum and the new arrangements eliminated this famous botanical garden, replacing it with a more informal "natural" garden of winding paths, curving canals and lakes under the direction of Antoine Richard, gardener to the Queen.〔William Howard Adams, ''The French Garden 1500-1800'' (New York: Braziller) 1979, p.122〕 Richard Mique modified the landscape plan to provide vistas of lawn to west and north of the Petit Trianon, encircled by belts of trees. Beyond the lake to the north, the ''hameau'' was sited like a garden stage set, initially inspired in its grouping and vernacular building by Dutch and Flemish genre paintings, philosophically influenced by Rousseau's cult of "nature", and reflecting exactly contemporary picturesque garden principles set forth by Claude-Henri Watelet〔Watelet's ''Essai sur les Jardins'' also appeared in 1774. Watelet was a rich amateur who had studied briefly with Hubert Robert, whose name is invariably invoked with the ''hameau'', with the landscape setting of the Méréville and other early garden essays in the ''genre pittoresque''.〕 and by ideas of the ''philosophes'', their "radical notions co-opted into innocent forms of pleasure and ingenious decoration" as William Adams has pointed out.〔Adams 1979:121.〕 Artists played a more direct role in French picturesque than they probably had done in England. as can be seen by Hubert Robert's involvement.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Hameau de la Reine」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|